Apparatus for separating and recovering domestic refuse.



J. W. & D. R. BRYAN.

APPARATUS FOR SEPARAT-ING AND RECOVERING DOMESTIC REFUSE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 21. I916. 1,250,554. Patented Dec. 18,1917.

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.12 zzf'or may J. W. & D. R. BRYAN.

APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING AND RECO VERING DOMESTIC REFUSE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 21, I916- 1,250,554:. Patented Dec. 18, 1917.

2 SHEETS$I'|EET 2 flit to rney States, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Apparatus for Separating "umT D AW OFFICE" JOSEPH w. BRYAN, on NEW YORK, 1v. Y., AND DANIEL. R. BRYAN, on oH THAMQNEWQ JEBsEY; SAID JosEPH w. BRYAN AssIGnoB'To. SAID DANIEL B. BRYAN.

ABPABATUS r012. S PABATING Am) BEoovEBING' noMEs'r'IoBBrUsE.

Specificationof Letters Pam;- pgtnt flDo; 18,119.1'1

To all duhomz't may concern:

Be it known that. we, J osErH-W. BRYAN, of the city of New York, county of New.

York, and State of New York, and DANIEL State ofNew Jersey, citizens of the United and Recovering Domestic Refuse; and .we

do hereby declare the following to be a full, 1

clear, andexact description of the-invention,

such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to makejand use the The present invention relates to an apparatus for separating and recovering domestic refuse, and aims to provide improve ments therein.

The invention provides a means especially adapted to sorting and delivering toappropriate receptacles heterogeneous material such as that which makes up the refuse-of cities and consisting mainly :of ashes, cinders, paper, rags, glass articles, metallic sub--- stances, etc. It provides'a means, of simple and durable construction, which will not be intended functions Other features of imam provement willbe hereinafterset forth,

An embodiment of the lIlVBIltlOILlS set forth in the accompanying drawing,.wherein Figure'l shows-a longitudinal-vertical.

section (with partsin elevation); and Figs.

2, 3 and 4, transverse Sections on the lines:

22,. and .4.-& respectively of Fig. 1. 1 In said drawingsA, B and C, designate a series of rotatable screens, adapted .to empgy one into another, and'D a chute prefera rectangular in cross sections, into which the material passesafterbeing acted upon by the screens.

stance the delivery end of the screen A-fits within. the. receiving :endof the screen B,

:thereby, avoiding the formation ofan 0b":

nature 'ofits ingredientsr struotion by the; ends of the screen. The a screens are also preferablyadapted to rotate at dlflerentrelative speeds," and also to'have ,the relative speeds varied." Thescreenswill- R BRYAN, of Chatham, county of Essex l ordinarily: rotate at different relative speeds,

diameters and being rotated'by independ nt-J tionof one OI'iHIOIG/Of the motors. i The first screen where the smallestfparticlesaresifted 1 A out, shouldipreferably receive the greatest speed of rotationytherefore it may be: ro

tatedat the fastest speed, and thesucceeding screens at successively lesser'speeds A casing p jarrangecl around theihoppersto confine the clouds of dust-a fine particles' produc'ed byathe screening op oration. The dust'is preferably removed: fromrthezcasing and for this purposesuita i blefmeans may be provided; --As here shown, an :e'lectrically driven "fan- 0 is provided;

which produces. currentiof air ina' conduit 1, p, whichactsby inspirationythrough orifices 1 g r and s, over each oftherscre'ens and'branch i clogged up by the service to which-it is put and which operates eificiently to performlltsl P conduits't and u to draw-thedust-ladenair flOIIluthG casing J into the conduit p and" carry it away, as to a bin 'or recepta'cle U hereinafter. referred to. J

The i screen's A, B. and C andthe' chute D A are preferablymountedup'on ta frameiK arranged atv a suitableincline so that the mas:

terial: ay movethrough-wthe apparatus :un-" der: the influence rof gravityc? The frame Kgis furthermore preferably? mounted? at one end upon a pivoted bearing 'Liand supported at its other *end' upon tlifting means, such as a" jack*M,'by which the inclination of the parts may be adjusted to" the frictional resistance of the-material operated ionywhich may-vary from various -=causes, as for instance" the huproportions and mid-ity ofthe air and the A- hopper is preferably provided, into which the" material to; be sorted 1 is" dumped and which delivers 'the same to the series of screens: v Material: passing ifromethe 'hopper into-the screen Ais agitated and the's'cree'n' being :provided with "small" perforations, is --partiallyarsifted 'and has -such particles as ashes'andjother fine 'particles'removed there- :from: I Fro'mwthe' screen A the 1 material passes to the screen'B where "it w is again agi-' 'tatBdEQiIId.f1113thefi5lftd=: The screen B is f 60 owing to the fact that they areof different:-

provided with larger perforations than the screen A, and such parts or" the materlal as small 'cindersmay be removed. From the screen B the matciial'may pass to another screen C where. it undergoes iurther agita-v or compartments U, V and W", where it may As the material passes into be collected. the chute D it is preferably first acted upon by a vacuum which draws the oversized niaterial through the outlet opening of the screen. This vacuum may be, and preferably is,' produced by the inspiration of a current of air, set in motion in a conduit Y by an electrically driven fan '2', flowing past an orifice a in the upper part of the chute D (Fig. 3). T he eitect of this vacuum is to suck up light particles such as paper and rags and deliver them into a compartment or bin 7) into which the conduit Y empties and leave the residue of material as a substantially thin layer or stratum whereby it is conditioned to have the metallic particles exposed for removal.

From the point where it is acted upon by the vacuum the material passes to a point where it is acted upon by an electromagnetic separator, c, the-action of which is to separate metallic particles such as iron and the like from the mass. As shown (see Fig. i), the electromagnetic separator c preferably comprises a series of electromagnets (Z, in front of which moves a belt, 6, preferably of nonmagnetic material, such asan ordinary canvas belt. Pieces of iron attracted by. tthe"electro-magnets will be carried to one side by the belt 6 through an, opening f in the side of the chute D and dropped into a conduit 9 a ter being moved beyond the zone of influence of the magnets. From the conduit g. the metallic particles are delivered into a bin or receptacle h.

The initial removal of the finer and nonmagnetic particles from the material exposes the magnetic particles to substantially the full. strength of the magnetic field and thereby insures the removal and recovery of all the magnetizable metal constituents-of theretuse. On the other hand, the presence of these fine particles with the metallic particles would Prevent the removal of such magnetic particles as were not directly exposed 'to be magnetically attracted. It is passage of the ma- I therefore necessary that the material as a whole should be first agitated by pneumatic action and the mass leveled or spread out and substantially all of the lighter particles removed before the residue inthe form of a disintegrated stratum is delivered to the magnetic separator.

After Dassing the electrom Sepa" I rator such parts of. the mass as remain, and

consisting mainly of bottles and particles of glass, will be delivered through a conduit i at the end'oi' the chute D, into a bin Or receptacle is where they are collected" and further separation may be made if desired; Each of the bins or receptacles U, V, W, Z), hand 70 is preferably provided with a door, through which the contents may be removed.

m is a door in the chute D through which access may be had to the interior thereof.

Means are rovlded for antise ticall P y treating the entire mass of refuse as it leaves A similar apparatus necessary to the sepav rating and recoveringof the ingredients of domestic ref-use forms the has-1s of Patent No. 1,099,420 dated June 9,1914, and for" which a reissue patent was issued to us March 6th, 1917, No. 14266. In the reissue patent, however, the magnetic separator forms noelement of the'claims while in the present case the claims are directed to several elements including the magnetic separator as a magnetic separating apparatus.

While We have illustrated and described one embodiment of'the invention, the invention is not to be understood as limited thereto, as many changes and modifications may be made therein {without departing from the spirit of the invention.

What we claim is 1. In an apparatus forseparatingand recovering the ingredients of domestic refuse, the combination of means for removing and sorting the undersized particles, means for subjecting the material to the action of a fluid current immediately after the removal of the undersized particles, for removing the larger lighter particles of the oversized stratum, a separator adapted to finally act on the stratum to remove the magnetic particles therefrom, and means for delivering the stratified material to the separator.

2.v In an apparatus for separating and recovering the ingredients of domestic refuse,

material and leaving the residue as a" subjecting the material, immediately after the removal of the undersized particles, to a fluid current for the removal of the larger lighter particles of the oversized material, and leaving the residue as a stratum, a magnetic separator adapted to act on the stratum of material to remove the magnetic particles and means for delivering the stratified material to the magnetic separator.

3. In an apparatus for sortmg and recovering the ingredients of domestic refuse,

the combination of an agitator for removing and sorting the undersized material; means for subjecting the remainder of the material to a fluid current for recovering the larger lighter particles and leaving the residue as a substantially thin layer or stratum; an electro-magnetadapted to remove the metallic particles from the stratum and a separating means adapted to carry the material through the influence of the fluid means and deliver the same as stratified to the magnetic separating means.

4. In an apparatus for sorting and recovering the ingredients of domestic refuse,

the combination of an agitator for removing and sorting the undersized material; means for sub ecting the materlal during agitation to a fluid current for extracting,

the finer particles; means for subjecting the remainder of the material to penumatic action to recover the larger lighter particles, and leaving the residue as a substantially thin layer or stratum; an electro-magnet for removing the metallic particles from the stratum, and means adapted to carry the material through the influence of the fluid means and deliver the same as stratified to the electro-magnet.

5. In an apparatus for separating and recovering ingredients of domestic refuse, the combination of means for preliminarily sorting and removing the undersized particles of material to be sorted; means for subjecting the residue of the material to penumatic action for removing the larger lighter particles, and leaving the residue of the material as a substantially horizontal disinte grated stratum; and a magnetic separator adapted to act on the stratum to remove the magnetic particles, and means adapted to' carry the material through the influence of the pneumatic means and deliver the same as stratified to the magnetic separator.

6. In combination, an agitating means,

means cooperative therewith for primarily separating material to be sorted, means for creatlng a fluid current for drawing the netic separator adapted to act on the stra-.

oversized material away from said agitating tum of material to remove the metallic particles therefrom, and means for delivering the stratified material to the separator.

7. In combination, an agitating means,

means for creating a fluid current for simul- I taneously drawing material away from said agitating means and for removing the larger. lighter particles from the mass and leaving the residue as a disintegrated stratum, a magnetic separator adapted to act on the stratum of material to remove the metallic particles therefrom, and means for receiving the material from said agitating means and delivering the same as stratified to the separator.

8. In an apparatus for separating and recovering the ingredients of domestic refuse the combination of means for removing and sorting the undersized material, means for subjecting the remainder of the material to the action of an air blast directed substantially horizontally and transversely thereof for removing the larger lighter particles and leaving the residue as a stratum, a magnetic separator adapted to finally act on the stratum to remove the magnetic particles therefrom, and means for delivering the stratifled material to the magnetic separator.

In testimony whereof, we'have aflixed our signatures, in presence of two witnesses.

JOSEPH W. BRYAN. I DANIEL R. BRYAN.

Witnesses:

OSCAR CARLB RG,

GERTRUDE H. Woons.

Copies of this vatent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the commissioner of Patents. Washington, I). C. 

